Marina Otero, arquitecta: “¿Por qué no cerrar internet unos días a la semana?”
La gallega tiene muy presente que el consumo de datos, que en el mundo real absorbe cantidades alarmantes de electricidad y agua potable, no para de crecer, incentivado por las grandes tecnológicas. Que con él se mutiplica la construcción de centros de datos que guardan los archivos de nuestros teléfonos y que conforman “la nube”. Y que la inteligencia artifical ha disparado este proceso y obligado a varias multinacionales a recular en sus compromisos medioambentables para los próximos años.
Sin embargo, a diferencia de otros activistas, Otero se niega a trasladarle la resposabilidad al usuario. Como arquitecta, prefiere rediseñar. El espacio digital puede repensarse, dice, en beneficio de los humanos y del planeta y no solo las grandes empresas; hacerlo un lugar finito y acotado. Desde la docencia y a través de una implicación personal cada vez mayor, ha presenciado algún tanto importante en América Latina. Ahora sigue con la vista puesta en lo que, para ella, es la gran victoria del marketing tecnológico: la idea de que internet es una nube etérea e intocable porque no tiene forma ni fronteras.
P. O sea, acotar internet.
R. Ya hay medidas en este sentido. Del derecho a la desconexión digital en el trabajo a pedir que los alumnos no tengan acceso a su móvil en clase. Estamos dándonos cuenta que un superuso del espacio digital trae problemas de salud mental, ecológicos y sociales. ¿Por qué tiene que estar todo tan basado en la velocidad, la alta resolución, el acceso 24 horas al día, independientemente de lo que ocurra en el planeta?
P. ¿Cómo define una relación adictiva con los datos?
R. Si buscas en tu teléfono las 20 últimas fotos que has guardado, esas imágenes van a decir mucho de tu relación con ellos. Posiblemente no serán fotos que te interese hacer, serán prácticamente muletas para no olvidar, como un pantallazo de algo que no vas a usar, pero por que tienes por si acaso. Todas esas informaciones, a menos que las borres, generalmente están asociadas a la nube y eso implica que están haciendo funcionar centros de datos y que tienen una vida bastante larga. Si encima las has mandado a tus contactos, están replicadas en centros de datos espejo. Toda esa información basura está consumiendo agua y energía.
P. ¿Cómo cree que está diseñado el sistema?
R. He tenido varias conversaciones sobre esto, por ejemplo, con una directora de investigación en Google. Le dije: “Cuando recibimos e-mails, ¿por qué la mayoría no desaparece a los cinco días, a los 10 días, a menos que los etiquetemos como importantes?”. Y esa persona se reía. “Me parece muy bonita esa idea, pero tienes que entender que a nosotros lo que nos interesa es acumular información. Preferimos invertir en comprimir esos datos que en tener menos”. Eso te da una idea de por qué cada vez nos ofrecen más espacio de almacenamiento. Yo entiendo a la gente. Guardamos los correos por si acaso. Pero, en mi experiencia, cuando he perdido acceso a una cuenta de e-mail porque he cambiado de trabajo, o he perdido un disco duro, no lo he vuelto a necesitar.
En Chile, trabajé en la comunidad de Cerrillo, que había conseguido pararle los pies a Google. Demostraron que el centro de datos [de 200 millones de dólares] que iban a instalar en su comunidad iba a utilizar prácticamente todo el agua potable del acuífero local. Google tuvo que dar marcha atrás.
What is the difference between docker and docker-compose
docker manages single containers
docker-compose manages multiple container applications
The /llms.txt file
A proposal to standardise on using an /llms.txt file to provide information to help LLMs use a website at inference time.
Large language models increasingly rely on website information, but face a critical limitation: context windows are too small to handle most websites in their entirety. Converting complex HTML pages with navigation, ads, and JavaScript into LLM-friendly plain text is both difficult and imprecise.
While websites serve both human readers and LLMs, the latter benefit from more concise, expert-level information gathered in a single, accessible location. This is particularly important for use cases like development environments, where LLMs need quick access to programming documentation and APIs.
We propose adding a /llms.txt markdown file to websites to provide LLM-friendly content. This file offers brief background information, guidance, and links to detailed markdown files.
Radix UI
An open source component library optimized for fast development, easy maintenance, and accessibility. Just import and go—no configuration required.
Shadcn. The Foundation for your Design System

A set of beautifully designed components that you can customize, extend, and build on. Start here then make it your own. Open Source. Open Code.
What is an ORM, how does it work, and how should I use one?
Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) is a technique that lets you query and manipulate data from a database using an object-oriented paradigm. When talking about ORM, most people are referring to a library that implements the Object-Relational Mapping technique, hence the phrase “an ORM”.
An ORM library is a completely ordinary library written in your language of choice that encapsulates the code needed to manipulate the data, so you don’t use SQL anymore; you interact directly with an object in the same language you’re using.
Sutty CMS

Hace tiempo que sentimos la urgencia de contar con sitios web que garanticen nuestra seguridad, que no sean censurables, que visibilicen nuestras luchas de manera coherente y cuyos contenidos puedan ser auto-gestionados.
¡Por eso desarrollamos Sutty!
Sutty incorpora las técnicas para sitios web que son vanguardia entre las élites tecnológicas y las acerca a nuestros objetivos políticos, volviéndolas accesibles para que nuestras colectivas expresen sus voces.
Sutty está pensada para potenciar la presencia, la seguridad y la libertad de expresión a organizaciones y colectivas activistas.
Sutty Cooperativa Tecnológica

Somos una cooperativa latinoamericana, diversa e inclusiva y hacemos tecnología para los derechos humanos, LGBTTIQANB+ y ambientales desde una perspectiva de apropiación técnica, autonomía tecnológica y cuidados digitales.
AirbnB : une révolution du tourisme, pour le meilleur ou pour le pire ?
Jérôme Fourquet, politologue, directeur du département Opinion à l’IFOP, co-auteur de la note « Tourisme 2.0 : anatomie de la France Airbnb » pour l’Institut Terram. Jessica Gourdon, journaliste au Monde. Co-auteure de l’enquête en six parties « L’ogre AirBnB ».
Why journalism is our best defence against confidently wrong AI
The New York Times reports that Trump posted 19 fake images and videos during his 2024 presidential campaign, from the outright absurd to the more plausible—such as a woman wearing a “Swifties for Trump” T-shirt. Since his election he’s posted 28 AI images and videos, including self-portraits as a king and as the pope. For anyone worried that AI-generated imagery might become a routine part of political influence operations, that horse has left the stable.
A recent study from fact-checking site NewsGuard found chatbots responding to queries about the news with falsehoods 35 per cent of the time—roughly double the rate of a year prior.
Newsguard explains that the rise comes from AIs being programmed to answer questions even if they are uncertain if an answer is correct. A year ago, AI bots would refuse to answer questions about the news 31 per cent of the time, while during this more recent round of tests the bots never refused to answer.
The Authoritarian Stack

How Tech Billionaires Are Building a Post-Democratic America — And Why Europe Is Next
Under the banner of “patriotic tech”, this new bloc is building the infrastructure of control—clouds, AI, finance, drones, satellites—an integrated system we call the Authoritarian Stack. It is faster, ideological, and fully privatized: a regime where corporate boards, not public law, set the rules.
Command Interface: How Your Device Choice Shapes Power Relations
…laptops are command interfaces. Phones are consumption portals. The distinction matters more than anyone admits.
Neither is inherently wrong. But when 80% of your computing time happens in consumption mode, something shifts in how you relate to digital systems. You stop seeing them as malleable, hackable, controllable. You start seeing them as environmental conditions—like weather patterns you adapt to rather than infrastructures you can reshape.
The generational split isn’t about capability. It’s about default stance. Generation Z sees phones as primary computers because phones are functionally complete for consumption-primary workflows. But consumption-primary means command-secondary. And command-secondary means power-secondary.
Real creation—the kind that shifts power dynamics—involves building new systems, not just feeding existing ones. Writing code that others will use. Designing tools that change workflows. Publishing research that alters understanding. Creating infrastructure, not just content.
…the actual writing, structuring, editing? That’s laptop work. The friction—managing files, handling git, processing images, structuring arguments across multiple editing sessions—that friction is generative. It forces deeper thinking. It enables system-level creation.
Both stances serve different purposes. The trap is unconscious default to one stance across all contexts. Because the stance becomes self-reinforcing. Consumption mode atrophies creation muscles. Creation mode can miss the forest for the trees of constant optimization.
The wisdom is flexibility—consciously choosing creation or consumption mode based on context, rather than being chosen by interface design decisions made by platform architects optimizing for their goals, not yours.
Tourisme 2.0 : anatomie de la France Airbnb
Depuis son implantation en France en 2012, Airbnb s’est imposée comme un acteur central de l’hébergement touristique. En une décennie, la plateforme – avec d’autres comme Booking ou Abritel – a profondément redessiné les pratiques de voyage. L’étude retrace cette expansion rapide : d’une présence ponctuelle dans les métropoles, les stations de ski et du littoral en 2013, elle s’est diffusée dès 2019 dans la quasi-totalité du territoire, épousant l’attractivité des grands sites patrimoniaux, des parcs naturels ou des littoraux, et connaissant une forte accélération post-Covid. Festivals, événements culturels et manifestations sportives créent des pics de réservations, révélant l’intégration des plateformes dans l’économie événementielle locale. L’analyse souligne aussi les tensions : rôle des résidences secondaires, concurrence ou complémentarité avec l’hôtellerie, effets sur le logement, mais aussi maintien de commerces de proximité. Côté usagers, un Français sur deux a déjà réservé via Airbnb ; les profils d’utilisateurs sont plus jeunes, plus diplômés, plus urbains que la moyenne, mais reflètent l’ensemble de la société. Les séjours sont courts (5 jours en moyenne), souvent en couple ou en famille, et motivés par des arbitrages budgétaires. Si les plateformes offrent souplesse et diversité, elles n’effacent pas toutes les inégalités d’accès aux vacances : classes modestes, jeunes femmes et ruraux restent les plus empêchés.
Dans les bourgs n’affichant aucune réservation via Airbnb, autrement dit les moins touristiques, le nombre moyen de commerces et services de proximité recensés n’atteint que 3,5. Dès lors qu’un flux minimal de visiteurs se manifeste sur la plateforme, cet indicateur progresse nettement pour dépasser 5 commerces et services de base en moyenne. La tendance se confirme avec l’intensité touristique : dans les communes où le volume de nuitées franchit les 10 000 en 2024, la moyenne grimpe à 7 commerces ou services essentiels. Dans les localités les plus attractives, où les nuitées dépassent 20 000 par an, elle franchit même le seuil symbolique des 10.
changeme. A default credential scanner
changeme picks up where commercial scanners leave off. It focuses on detecting default and backdoor credentials and not necessarily common credentials. It’s default mode is to scan HTTP default credentials, but has support for other credentials.
changeme is designed to be simple to add new credentials without having to write any code or modules. changeme keeps credential data separate from code. All credentials are stored in yaml files so they can be both easily read by humans and processed by changeme. Credential files can be created by using the ./changeme.py --mkcred tool and answering a few questions.
Archivo medialabmadrid

El programa medialabmadrid ocurrió entre el 2002 y 2006 bajo la dirección de Karin Ohlenschläger y Luis Rico. Se concibe como un laboratorio abierto al diálogo entre las más diversas prácticas artísticas, científicas y tecnológicas. La estructura modular y abierta de este programa se articula en torno a cinco áreas de actividades interconectadas: Arte, Ciencia, Tecnología, Sociedad y Sostenibilidad (ACTS+S)
Spatial Agency. Full Database

Spatial Agency is a project that presents a new way of looking at how buildings and space can be produced. Moving away from architecture’s traditional focus on the look and making of buildings, Spatial Agency proposes a much more expansive field of opportunities in which architects and non-architects can operate. It suggests other ways of doing architecture.
Feral Atlas

Feral Atlas invites you to navigate the land-, sea-, and airscapes of the Anthropocene. We trust that as you move through the site—pausing to look, read, watch, reflect, and perhaps occasionally scratch your head—you will slowly find your bearings, both in relation to the site’s structure and the foundational concerns and concepts to which it gives form. Feral Atlas has been designed to reward exploration. Following seemingly unlikely connections and thinking with a variety of media forms can help you to grasp key underlying ideas, ideas that are specifically elaborated in the written texts to be found in the “drawers” located at the bottom of every page.
deb.sury.org
The main repositories now contain both PHP 5.6, PHP 7.0-7.4 and PHP 8.0-8.3 coinstallable together.
YoPass. Comparta secretos de forma segura y sencilla

Yopass fue creado para reducir la cantidad de contraseñas y secretos en texto plano enviados por correo electrónico o mensajería. Cifra la información y genera un enlace temporal que solo puede verse una vez.
Naturopathie. Margot Brunet : « Pour beaucoup, se tourner vers les pseudo-thérapies est un acte de revendication »
Naturopathie, magnétisme, psychologie énergétique… Depuis la crise sanitaire, les « médecines douces » prolifèrent. Un phénomène dangereux qui mène trop souvent à des dérives thérapeutiques, voire sectaires. Margot Brunet, journaliste spécialisée en sciences et santé, a enquêté sur ces charlatans dans son livre « Naturopathie. L’imposture scientifique » (éd. Les Échappés, parution le 9 octobre).
C’est tout le problème de cette nébuleuse, savoir comment les nommer. Si on évoque les « médecines douces », on leur donne un vernis scientifique, puisqu’on les fait entrer dans un cadre médical. On pourrait dire « pratiques non conventionnelles en santé », mais il faut reconnaître que c’est un peu long et, surtout, il s’agit davantage de bien-être que de santé. Quant à savoir ce qu’on met dedans, là aussi, c’est compliqué : on ne peut pas vraiment faire de liste de pratiques, puisque n’importe qui peut créer sa spécialité et choisir l’intitulé qu’il veut. Dans le livre, j’ai donc décidé de les définir comme toutes les pratiques non encadrées et non éprouvées scientifiquement qui se targuent d’avoir des effets sur la santé.
Pour beaucoup, se tourner vers les pseudo-thérapies est un acte de revendication, une opposition au système politico-sanitaire actuel. Les gens qui consultent ce genre de praticiens n’y vont pas particulièrement parce qu’ils sont déçus du système de santé, ils y vont parce qu’ils croient à un autre système de pensée.
D’autant que certaines pratiques sont désormais remboursées par les mutuelles, ce qui est un cercle vertueux pour ce marché : les gens paient plus cher leurs mutuelles pour avoir accès à ces médecines douces, et les pseudo-thérapeutes reçoivent plus de clients… qui viennent d’autant plus volontiers que les consultations sont remboursées par les mutuelles.
A Leaflet Developer’s Guide to High-Performance Map Visualizations in React
When I tried to render around 40k Geojson objects in Leaflet’s canvas mode, it took around 30 seconds to render the map. When I used Leaflet’s GeoJSON, instead of React Leaflet GeoJSONs, initial rendering took a few seconds. The response from the library maintainer was that React Leaflet is an additional abstraction and it’s expected that rendering is less performant. My first advice would be avoid leaning solely on this library.
While Leaflet’s canvas mode is an option, rendering over 100k objects stretches its limits. Fortunately, there are solutions that perform very well with large amounts of data, such as WebGL rendering engines and Vector Tiles. Leaflet doesn’t support WebGL or Vector Tiles out of box, but its plugins bridge the gap.
Leaflet.markercluster seems like a go-to solution, yet its performance falters beyond 100k markers. For a leap in performance, consider supercluster.
The internet was already a minefield of misinformation. Now, it is about to get a lot worse
The Sora app introduces a particularly potent feature: the ability for users to grant permission for their likeness to be used by friends in video creations. With just a few spoken words and head movements, the AI can capture a person’s digital twin, ready to be inserted into any scenario imaginable.
This technology erodes the foundational trust we once had in video evidence. Previously, seeing was believing. Now, every video clip must be viewed with a healthy dose of scepticism. The potential for misuse is immense, from personal harassment and character assassination to large-scale disinformation campaigns.
While there are discussions around invisible watermarks and detection software, we are in a race against our own creations. As a society, we are largely unprepared for a world in which we cannot trust our own eyes. This isn’t a distant, futuristic problem; it is here now. The immediate need for digital literacy education and robust verification standards has never been more urgent.
I think AI companies might be intentionally configuring their smart models to not solve problems quickly
I have a bold hypothesis.
I think AI companies might be intentionally configuring their smart models to not solve problems quickly, particularly the coding requests, because if they did, their revenue would be severely impacted by quick and short solutions.
If the model over engineers, then I need to talk to it a lot to fix the problem, particularly with setups that use APIs, so they get way more tokens burnt. SO more revenue for them (or I need a more unlimited subscription).
Yea, I know, sounds insane. But think about your experience with code generation — wasn’t it significantly more efficient before the models became smart/thinking/whatever? How come these significantly better models produce significantly more over engineering, where the only benefit is burning tokens?
Using Free Let’s Encrypt SSL/TLS Certificates with NGINX
sudo certbot --nginx -d example.com -d www.example.com
Audile: Open Source Shazam Alternative for Android
Freely offered under the GPL-3.0 License, Audile is powered by two proprietary services, AudD and ACRCloud that make all the music recognition possible. Other than that, most things related to the app are open-source.
EAST NEW YORK Oral History Project

The East New York Oral History Project was designed to capture the personal experiences of people who lived in East New York from 1960 – 1970, during the time in which East New York rapidly changed from a primarily White to primarily Black and Latino community.
2 Ways to Upgrade Nextcloud [Command-Line & GUI]
To backup NextCloud database, first you need to find out the database name by running the following command on your NextCloud server.
sudo mysql -u root -e "show databases"
As you can see, my NextCloud database name is nextcloud. Once you have identified the NextCloud database name, use mysqldump utility to make a backup like below. Replace red text with your own NextCloud database name.
sudo mysqldump -u root nextcloud-database-name > ~/nextcloud.sql
o back up NextCloud config folder, first cd into Nextcloud installation directory. (Depending on your setup, your Nextcloud installation directory may be different. For example, If you set up Nextcloud with LAMP stack, the directory might be /var/www/nextcloud/. If you set up Nextcloud with LEMP stack, the data directory might be /usr/share/nginx/nextcloud/).
cd /var/www/nextcloud/
Then use tar to back up the config folder.
sudo tar -cpzvf ~/nextcloud-config.tar.gz config/
Run the post-upgrade routine.
sudo -u www-data php7.4 /var/www/nextcloud/occ upgrade
Fixing the “Kernel Panic – not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)” Error After Upgrading Ubuntu
Regenerate initramfs for the New Kernel
To fix the issue, you need to regenerate the initramfs for the new kernel version. Run the following command in the terminal:
sudo update-initramfs -u -k <version>
Replace <version> with the actual kernel version string for the kernel that you were unable to boot into. For example, it might look something like 4.15.0-36-generic.
You can find the kernel version by running uname -r if needed.
Update GRUB
Once the initramfs has been successfully generated, update the GRUB bootloader by running:
sudo update-grub
This command ensures that GRUB recognizes the updated kernel and its corresponding initramfs.
Citybikes. Bike sharing data for everyone

Some years ago we wanted to create an android app for our local bike sharing system and found out there was no open data available for us to do so. Other systems around the world had exactly the same problem.
Instead of creating yet-another-app, we created Citybikes, a project that provides bike sharing data for apps, research and projects to use.
To date Citybikes supports more than 400 cities and the Citybikes API is the most widely used dataset for building bike sharing transportation projects.
Once

Something happened to business software.
You used to pay for it once, install it, and run it. Whether on someone’s computer, or a server for everyone, it felt like you owned it. And you did.
Today, most software is a service. Not owned, but rented. Buying it enters you into a perpetual landlord–tenant agreement. Every month you pay for essentially the same thing you had last month. And if you stop paying, the software stops working. Boom, you’re evicted.
Juan Cavestany destripa Madrid en un documental: “Es un compendio de sofisticación y cutrez”
El cineasta presenta su particular mirada a la ciudad en una obra que funciona como una película sinfónica a la que Guille Galván (Vetusta Morla) pone banda sonora
Se titula Madrid, Ext., se lee “Madrid exterior”, pero las letras de “ext” también podrían ser las tres primeras de “extinción”. La última película de Juan Cavestany, que se estrena este viernes, es una mirada a Madrid, su mirada y su Madrid. El comienzo es una declaración de intenciones: el Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Quizá no es lo primero que a cualquiera le viene a la cabeza si piensa en esa ciudad, pero es uno de los primeros recuerdos de este madrileño de 58 años. Y, entonces, cambia la percepción: ¿cuántos niños madrileños han quedado ―como Cavestany― impactados por ese elefante disecado del museo? Es probable que esa imagen esté impregnada en las neuronas de muchos vecinos de la capital. Y así, ya se entra en el documental: el espectador ya es cómplice, reconoce esas imágenes y las hace suyas, ya es una mirada compartida. Además, al director le gusta la idea de museo como quien clasifica, ordena y muestra sus piezas, exactamente lo que él pretende en el filme, que sea un repositorio, un archivo de la flora y fauna de la ciudad, mucha de ella en peligro de extinción.
El metro, túneles (porque el Madrid exterior también es interior), obras, cines, quioscos, videoclubs (ojo a las expectativas de quien llamó a uno de ellos Videoclub Siglo XXI y a la historia del videoclub Star), ultramarinos, bares con barra de zinc y baldosas de terrazo, autobuses de la EMT, la Castellana, zapaterías, panaderías, portales más grandes que muchos pisos, porteros, andamios, grúas, toldos verdes, mucho ladrillo visto, cementerios, peluquerías, la bolera de Chamartín, estudios fotográficos, la procesión de Jesús el Pobre, ropa tendida, hospitales, piscinas, barcas, el estanque del Retiro, el de la Casa de Campo, salas de baile, comercios con entidad propia: Fajas Ruiz, Muelles Ros, el bar Muñiz…
DHH: Future of Programming, AI, Ruby on Rails, Productivity & Parenting
OUTLINE:
(00:00) – Introduction
(00:58) – Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections
(08:48) – Programming – early days
(26:13) – JavaScript
(36:32) – Google Chrome and DOJ
(44:19) – Ruby programming language
(51:30) – Beautiful code
(1:09:31) – Metaprogramming
(1:12:52) – Dynamic typing
(1:20:10) – Scaling
(1:33:03) – Future of programming
(1:50:34) – Future of AI
(1:56:29) – Vibe coding
(2:05:01) – Rails manifesto: Principles of a great programming language
(2:29:27) – Why managers are useless
(2:38:48) – Small teams
(2:44:55) – Jeff Bezos
(3:00:13) – Why meetings are toxic
(3:07:58) – Case against retirement
(3:15:15) – Hard work
(3:20:53) – Why we left the cloud
(3:24:04) – AWS
(3:33:22) – Owning your own servers
(3:39:35) – Elon Musk
(3:49:17) – Apple
(4:01:03) – Tim Sweeney
(4:12:37) – Fatherhood
(4:38:19) – Racing
(5:05:23) – Cars
(5:10:41) – Programming setup
(5:25:51) – Programming language for beginners
(5:39:09) – Open source
(5:48:01) – WordPress drama
(5:59:18) – Money and happiness
(6:08:11) – Hope










